[Oct 25, 2024] NSE7_NST-7.2 Test Prep Training Practice Exam Questions Practice Tests
Exam Questions Answers Braindumps NSE7_NST-7.2 Exam Dumps PDF Questions
Fortinet NSE7_NST-7.2 Exam Syllabus Topics:
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Topic 1 |
|
| Topic 2 |
|
| Topic 3 |
|
| Topic 4 |
|
| Topic 5 |
|
NEW QUESTION # 15
Which statement is correct regarding LDAP authentication using the regular bind type?
- A. The regular bind typerequires a FortiGate super_adminaccount.
- B. The regular bind type is the easiest bind type to configure on FortiOS.
- C. The regular bind type goes through four steps to successfully authenticate a user.
- D. The regular bind type cannot be used if users are authenticated using sAMAccountName.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* LDAP Authentication Process:
* The regular bind type for LDAP authentication involves multiple steps to verify user credentials.
* Step 1: The client sends a bind request with the username to the LDAP server.
* Step 2: The LDAP server responds to the bind request.
* Step 3: The client sends a bind request with the password.
* Step 4: The LDAP server responds, confirming or denying the authentication.
* Explanation of answer:
* The regular bind type follows these four steps to authenticate a user, making it a comprehensive method but not necessarily the easiest to configure.
* The statement regarding sAMAccountName and super_admin account requirements are not accurate in the context of regular bind type LDAP authentication on FortiOS.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* FortiOS LDAP Authentication Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 16
Refer to the exhibit.
FortiGate has already been configured with a firewall policy that allows all ICMP traffic to flow from port1 to port3.
Which changes must the administrator perform to ensure the server at 10.4.0.1/24 receives the echo reply from the laptop at 10.1.0.1/24?
- A. A firewall policy that allows all ICMP traffic from port3 to port1.
- B. Change the configuration from strict RPF check mode to feasible RPF check mode
- C. Modify the default gateway on thelaptop from 10.1.0.2 to 10.2.0.2
- D. Enable asymmetric routing under config system settings.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Current Configuration Analysis:
* The firewall policy currently allows ICMP traffic from port1 to port3, enabling the ICMP echo request to reach the server.
* However, for the server to send an ICMP echo reply back to the laptop, the traffic must be allowed from port3 to port1.
* Required Configuration:
* To ensure the server at10.4.0.1/24can send the ICMP echo reply back to the laptop at10.1.0.1/24, the administrator needs to configure a new firewall policy.
* The policy must explicitly allow ICMP traffic from port3 to port1.
* Steps to Configure:
* Access the FortiGate configuration interface.
* Navigate to the Firewall Policy section.
* Create a new policy allowing ICMP traffic from port3 to port1.
* Save and apply the new policy to ensure bidirectional ICMP traffic is permitted.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* FortiGate Firewall Policy Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 17
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of the get vpn ipsec tunnel details command. Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. The npu_flag for this tunnel is 02
- B. Different SPI values are a result of auto-negotiation being disabled for phase 2 selectors.
- C. Anti-replay is enabled.
- D. The npu_flag for this tunnel is 03.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
* Anti-replay Enabled:
* The exhibit showsreplay: enabled, which confirms that anti-replay is enabled for this IPsec tunnel. Anti-replay is a security feature that prevents replay attacks by ensuring that packets are not duplicated or reused.
* NPU Acceleration:
* TheNPU acceleration: encryption (outbound) decryption (inbound)line indicates that Network Processing Unit (NPU) acceleration is used.
* The npu_flag for this tunnel is 02. This indicates that encryption and decryption are handled by the NPU, improving the performance of the VPN tunnel.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting IPsec VPN Tunnels(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Verifying IPsec VPN Tunnels(Fortinet Docs)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 18
Referto the exhibit, which shows oneway communication of the downstream FortiGate with the upstream FortiGate within a Security Fabric.
What three actions must you take to ensure successful communication? (Choose three.)
- A. You must enable Security Fabric/Fortitelemetry on the receiving interface of the upstream FortiGate.
- B. You must authorize the downstream FortiGate on the root FortiGate.
- C. Ensure the port for Neighbor Discovery has been changed.
- D. FortiGate must not be in NAT mode.
- E. Ensure TCP port 8013 is not blocked along the way
Answer: A,B,E
Explanation:
The exhibit shows a sniffer capture where TCP port 8013 is being used for communication. The communication appears one-way, indicating potential issues with the upstream FortiGate receiving the necessary packets or being able to respond.
To ensure successful communication in a Security Fabric setup:
* Ensure TCP port 8013 is not blocked along the way: Verify that no firewalls or network devices between the downstream and upstream FortiGates are blocking TCP port 8013. This port is crucial for Security Fabric communication.
* Authorize the downstream FortiGate on the root FortiGate: In the Security Fabric, the root FortiGate must recognize and authorize the downstream FortiGate to allow proper communication and management.
* Enable Security Fabric/Fortitelemetry on the receiving interface of the upstream FortiGate: The upstream FortiGate must have the Security Fabric or Fortitelemetry enabled on the interface that receives the communication from the downstream FortiGate. This enables proper data exchange and monitoring within the Security Fabric.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on Security Fabric Configuration
* Fortinet Community Discussion on Port Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which of the following regarding protocol states is true?
- A. proto_state-01 indicates an established TCP session.
- B. proto state=01 indicates one-way ICMP traffic.
- C. proto_state=00 indicates that UDP traffic flows in both directions.
- D. proto_state=10 indicates an established TCP session.
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Understanding protocol states:
* proto_state=00: Indicates no traffic or a closed session.
* proto_state=01: Typically indicates one-way ICMP traffic or a partially established TCP session.
* proto_state=10: Indicates an established TCP session, where the session has completed the three-way handshake and both sides can send and receive data.
* proto_state=11: Often indicates a fully established and active bidirectional session.
* Explanation of correct answer:
* proto_state=10is the correct indication for an established TCP session as it signifies that the session is fully established and active.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* Fortinet Firewall Protocol State Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 20
Which three conditions are required for two FortiGate devices to form an OSPF adjacency? (Choose three.)
- A. Authentication settings match.
- B. OSPF router IDs are unique.
- C. OSPF interface priority settings are unique
- D. OSPF interface network types match
- E. OSPF link costs match.
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
* OSPF Interface Network Types:
* The network types of the interfaces on both FortiGate devices must match. Common network
* types include broadcast, point-to-point, and non-broadcast multi-access (NBMA).
* Authentication Settings:
* Both devices must have matching authentication settings (if authentication is used). This includes the same authentication type (none, simple password, or MD5) and the same password or key.
* OSPF Router IDs:
* Each OSPF router must have a unique router ID within the OSPF domain. The router ID is typically an IPv4 address selected from one of the router's interfaces or manually configured.
* Link Costs and Interface Priority:
* While link costs and interface priorities are important for route selection and designated router (DR) elections, they do not prevent OSPF adjacency formation if they differ.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* OSPF Configuration Guides
NEW QUESTION # 21
Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of getrouterinfo bgp neighbors100.64.2.254.
What can you conclude from the output?
- A. The BGP neighbor is advertising the 10.20.30.40/24 network to the local router.
- B. The BGP state of the two BGP participants is OpenConfirm.
- C. The local router is adverting the 10.20.30.40/24 network to its BGP neighbor.
- D. The router ID of the neighbor is 100.64.2.254.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* BGP Advertisement:The output from the commandget router info bgp neighbors 100.64.2.254 advertised-routesshows the routes that the local router is advertising to its BGP neighbor.
* Output Analysis:
* TheNetworkcolumn lists the networks being advertised.
* TheNext Hopcolumn indicates the next-hop IP address for these routes.
* The line*> 10.20.30.40/24 100.64.2.1indicates that the 10.20.30.40/24 network is being advertised with a next-hop of 100.64.2.1.
* Local Router's Role:Since the output lists the advertised routes, it means that the local router (with router ID 172.16.1.254) is advertising the 10.20.30.40/24 network to its neighbor 100.64.2.254.
This confirms that the local router is indeed advertising the specified network to its BGP neighbor.
References:
* Fortinet Documentation: Understanding BGP Route Advertisements(Fortinet Document Library)(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 22
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of a diagnose command.
Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
- A. The remote gateway IP is 10.200.5.1.
- B. The remote gateway has quick more selectors containing a destination subnet of 10.1.2.0/24.
- C. Anti-replay is enabled.
- D. DPD is disabled.
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
* Remote Gateway IP:
* The output shows10.200.5.1as the remote gateway IP, confirming that this is the IP address of the remote gateway involved in the IPsec VPN tunnel.
* Quick Mode Selectors:
* The quick mode selectors specify the subnets involved in the VPN. The output showssrc:
0:10.1.2.0/255.255.255.0:0anddst: 0:10.1.1.0/255.255.255.0:0, indicating the subnets being tunneled.
* DPD (Dead Peer Detection):
* DPD is shown asmode=on-demand on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=0, indicating that DPD is enabled in on-demand mode.
* Anti-replay:
* The output includesreplaywin=2048andreplaywin_lastseq=00000000, which are indicators that anti-replay protection is enabled for the IPsec tunnel.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* VPN Configuration and Diagnostic Guides
NEW QUESTION # 23
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time RADIUS debug.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
- A. Authentication was unsuccessful.
- B. Authentication was successful
- C. The authentication scheme used was pop3.
- D. Two-factor authentication was required.
- E. The RADIUS server queried for authentication is located at IP address 172.25.188.164.
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
* RADIUS Server IP Address:
* The debug output shows that the RADIUS request was sent to the server atIP=172.25.188.164.
This indicates that the RADIUS server being queried for authentication is indeed located at this IP address.
* Authentication Result:
* The debug output includes a line indicating the result for the RADIUS server:Result for radius svr 'RadiusServer' 172.25.188.164(0) is 0. A result code of0typically signifies that the authentication attempt was unsuccessful.
* Authentication Scheme:
* The debug output does not indicate that the authentication scheme used was pop3; it mentions using CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol).
* Two-factor Authentication:
* There is no indication in the debug output that two-factor authentication was required for this session.
References
* Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
* RADIUS Authentication Configuration and Debugging Guides
NEW QUESTION # 24
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of a BGP debug command.
Which statement explains why the state of the 10.200.3.1 peer is Connect?
- A. The local router is receiving BGP keepalives from the remote peer, but the local peer has not received the OpenConf inn yet.
- B. The router 10.200.3.1 has authentication configured for BGP and the local router does not.
- C. The local router has a different AS number than the remote peer.
- D. The local router initiated the BGP session to 10.200.3.1 but did not receive a response.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The BGP summary output shows the state of the 10.200.3.1 peer as "Connect." This state indicates that the local router has attempted to initiate a BGP session with the peer, but the peer has not yet responded to the initial connection request.
* State Explanation: The "Connect" state in BGP indicates that the TCP connection has been initiated but
* is waiting for a response. If the peer does not respond within the configured timers, the session will transition to the "Active" state and retry the connection.
* Possible Causes: This can occur due to network issues preventing the peer from responding, a misconfiguration on the peer device, or issues like access control lists (ACLs) blocking the BGP traffic.
To troubleshoot, check the connectivity between the routers, ensure that the BGP configurations on both sides match, and verify that there are no firewalls or ACLs blocking the BGP packets.
References
* Fortinet Documentation on BGP Troubleshooting
* Fortinet Community Discussion on BGP State Issues
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which three common FortiGate-to-collector-agent connectivity issues can you identifyusing the FSSO real-time debug?(Choose three.)
- A. Inability to reach IP address of the collector agent.
- B. Incompatible collector agent software version.
- C. Log is full on the collector agent.
- D. Mismatched pre-shared password.
- E. Refused connection. Potential mismatch of TCP port.
Answer: A,D,E
Explanation:
* Refused Connection:A refused connection typically indicates a mismatch in the TCP port configuration between the FortiGate and the collector agent. Ensuring both are configured to use the same TCP port is crucial for proper connectivity.
* Mismatched Pre-Shared Password:If the pre-shared password configured on the FortiGate does not match the one set on the collector agent, authentication will fail, leading to connectivity issues.
* Inability to Reach IP Address:This can occur due to network issues such as incorrect routing, firewall rules blocking traffic, or the collector agent being down. Verifying network connectivity and the status of the collector agent is necessary to resolve this issue.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Troubleshooting FSSO Connectivity Issues(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 26
There are four exchanges during IKEv2 negotiation.
Which sequence is correct?
- A. lnit_Req, Wait_lnit_Req,ID_Auth_Req and Create_CHILD_SA
- B. IKE_SAJNIT, IKE_Auth, Create_CHILD_SA and Informational
- C. INIT_Re, INIT_Auth,ID_Child and SET_Nonce
- D. IKE_Proposal,ID_Auth, PiggyBack_CHILD and Informational
Answer: B
Explanation:
* IKE_SA_INIT:
* This is the first exchange in IKEv2. It establishes a secure, authenticated channel between peers and negotiates cryptographic algorithms and keys.
* IKE_Auth:
* The second exchange authenticates the IKE SA (Security Association) using the previously negotiated keys and algorithms. This exchange also establishes the first IPsec SA.
* Create_CHILD_SA:
* This exchange creates additional IPsec SAs after the initial authentication. It can also be used to rekey existing IPsec SAs to maintain security.
* Informational:
* This is a generic exchange used for various purposes such as error notification, deletion of SAs, and other control messages.
References:
* Fortinet Community: IKEv2 packet exchanges and troubleshooting
* Fortinet Documentation: IPsec VPN Concepts
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which exchange lakes care of DoS protection in IKEv2?
- A. IKE_Auth
- B. IKE_SA_INIT
- C. Create_CHILD_SA
- D. IKE_Req_INIT
Answer: B
Explanation:
* IKE_SA_INIT Exchange:
* The IKE_SA_INIT exchange is the first step in the IKEv2 negotiation process. It is responsible for setting up the initial security association (SA) and performing Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
* During this exchange, the responder may employ various measures to protect against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, such as rate limiting and the use of puzzles to increase the computational cost for an attacker.
* DoS Protection Mechanisms:
* One key method involves limiting the number of half-open SAs from any single IP address or subnet.
* The IKE_SA_INIT exchange can also incorporate the use of stateless cookies, which help to verify the initiator's legitimacy without requiring extensive resource allocation by the responder until the initiator is verified.
References:
* RFC 5996: Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 (IKEv2)(RFC Editor).
* RFC 8019: Protecting Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 (IKEv2) Implementations from Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks(IETF Datatracker).
NEW QUESTION # 28
Consider the scenario where the server name indication (SNI) does not match either the common name (CN) or any of the subject alternative names (SAN) in the server certificate. Which action will FortiGate take when using the default settingsfor SSL certificate inspection?
- A. FortiGate uses the SNI from the user's web browser.
- B. FortiGate uses the 31 information from the Subject field in the server certificate.
- C. FortiGate closes the connection because this represents an invalid SSL/TLS configuration
- D. FortiGate uses the first entry listed in the SAN field in the server certificate.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* SNI and Certificate Mismatch:When the Server Name Indication (SNI) does not match either the Common Name (CN) or any of the Subject Alternative Names (SAN) in the server certificate, FortiGate's default behavior is to consider this as an invalid SSL/TLS configuration.
* Default Action:FortiGate, under default settings for SSL certificate inspection, will close the connection to prevent potential security risks associated with mismatched certificates.
References:
* Fortinet Community: SSL Certificate Inspection Configuration and Behavior(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
NEW QUESTION # 29 
If the default settings are in place, what can you conclude about the conserve mode shown in the exhibit?
- A. FortiGate is currently allowing new sessions that require flow-based or proxy-based content inspection but is not performing inspection on those sessions.
- B. FortiGate is currently blocking all new sessions regardless of the content inspection requirements or configuration settings because of high memory use.
- C. FortiGate is currently blocking new sessions that require flow-based or proxy-based content inspection.
- D. FortiGate is currently allowing new sessions that require flow-based content inspection and blocking sessions that require proxy-based content inspection.
Answer: C
Explanation:
* Conserve Mode Overview:Conserve mode is a state that FortiGate enters to protect itself from running out of memory. It is triggered when the memory usage reaches certain thresholds.
* Thresholds:The default settings for conserve mode thresholds are:
* Red Threshold:88% memory usage.
* Extreme Threshold:95% memory usage.
* Green Threshold:82% memory usage.
* Impact on Sessions:When in conserve mode:
* New sessions requiring flow-based content inspection are blocked.
* New sessions requiring proxy-based content inspection are also blocked to free up memory resources.
* Current Memory State in Exhibit:The exhibit shows:
* Total RAM: 3040 MB.
* Memory used: 2706 MB (89% of total RAM).
* Memory usage exceeds the red threshold (88%), thus triggering conserve mode.
Given that the memory usage is above the red threshold and conserve mode is active, the FortiGate will block new sessions requiring both flow-based and proxy-based content inspection to conserve memory.
References:
* Fortinet Community: Explanation of Conserve Mode and Its Impact(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!)(Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
* Fortinet Documentation: Conserve Mode Settings and Management(Fortinet Docs).
NEW QUESTION # 30
......
Download Free Fortinet NSE7_NST-7.2 Real Exam Questions: https://www.prep4sureguide.com/NSE7_NST-7.2-prep4sure-exam-guide.html
NSE7_NST-7.2 Exam Dumps, NSE7_NST-7.2 Practice Test Questions: https://drive.google.com/open?id=13nU1owylqW4TtyHmkwrg7MCwmSoaOa5W