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PCI SSC QSA_New_V4 Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 16
What process is required by PCI DSS for protecting card-reading devices at the point-of-sale?
- A. Devices are periodically inspected to detect unauthorized card skimmers.
- B. Devices are physically destroyed if there is suspicion of compromise.
- C. The serial number of each device is periodically verified with the device manufacturer.
- D. Device identifiers and security labels are periodically replaced.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Requirement9.9.2of PCI DSS v4.0.1 mandates that entitiesregularly inspect POS devicesto detect signs of tampering or skimming. This includes physical inspections to identify unexpected additions, unauthorized stickers, broken seals, etc.
* Option A:Correct. Regular inspection for skimming/tampering is required.
* Option B:Incorrect. There is no mandate for manufacturer serial number verification.
* Option C:Incorrect. PCI DSS does not require routine replacement of device identifiers or labels.
* Option D:Incorrect. Devices may be investigated if compromised, but not necessarily destroyed.
NEW QUESTION # 17
Security policies and operational procedures should be?
- A. Reviewed and updated at least quarterly.
- B. Encrypted with strong cryptography.
- C. Distributed to and understood by all affected parties.
- D. Stored securely so that only management has access.
Answer: C
Explanation:
PCI DSSRequirement 12.1.1requires that security policies and procedures be disseminated to all relevant personnel and that those individualsunderstand and acknowledgethe policies. While review and update frequencies are also part of compliance, the most complete and correct answer is that policies must be shared with affected parties.
* Option A:Incorrect. Encryption is not specifically required for policy documents.
* Option B:Incorrect. Limiting access to only management contradicts the requirement for distribution.
* Option C:Incorrect. The correct review cycle per Requirement 12.1.2 isannually, not quarterly.
* Option D:Correct. Policies and procedures must be understood and acknowledged by all affected parties.
NEW QUESTION # 18
Assigning a unique ID to each person is intended to ensure?
- A. Access is assigned to group accounts based on need-to-know.
- B. Strong passwords are used for each user account.
- C. Shared accounts are only used by administrators.
- D. Individual users are accountable for their own actions.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According toRequirement 8.2.1, PCI DSS mandates that all users be assigned aunique IDbefore accessing system components or cardholder data. This ensuresaccountability, enabling identification of actions taken by each user.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Password strength is addressed underRequirement 8.3, not unique ID.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Shared accounts areprohibitedregardless of admin status.
* Option C:#Correct. Unique IDs ensure thateach user's actions can be traced.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Group accounts are discouraged in favour of individual accountability.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 8.2.1.
NEW QUESTION # 19
Which systems must have anti-malware solutions?
- A. All CDE systems, connected systems, NSCs, and security-providing systems.
- B. All portable electronic storage.
- C. All systems that store PAN.
- D. Any in-scope system except for those identified as 'not at risk' from malware.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Requirement 5.2.1.1clarifies thatanti-malware solutions are requiredonall in-scope systems,unlessthe system is evaluated asnot at risk for malware(e.g., Linux-based appliances with no Internet access). These risk evaluations must be documented and justified (5.2.3.1).
* Option A:#Incorrect. PCI DSS allows exceptions for systems not at risk.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Anti-malware applies to systems, not portable media per se.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Anti-malware scope is broader than just PAN-storing systems.
* Option D:#Correct. Systems not at risk can be excluded if justified and documented.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 5.2.1.1 and 5.2.3.1.
NEW QUESTION # 20
According to the glossary, "bespoke and custom software" describes which type of software?
- A. Any software developed by a third party.
- B. Virtual payment terminals.
- C. Any software developed by a third party that can be customized by an entity.
- D. Software developed by an entity for the entity's own use.
Answer: D
Explanation:
As per thePCI DSS Glossary, "bespoke and custom software" is defined assoftware that is developed specifically for, and often by, the entity using it. This includes internally developed applications and externally developed applications created specifically for the entity.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Not all third-party software is custom - much is commercial off-the-shelf (COTS).
* Option B:#Incorrect. Customisability does not equal bespoke development.
* Option C:#Correct. Bespoke software is tailoredby or forthe entity's specific needs.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Virtual terminals are payment interfaces, not types of software.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Glossary, "Bespoke and Custom Software".
NEW QUESTION # 21
Which of the following describes "stateful responses" to communication Initiated by a trusted network?
- A. Logs of user activity on the firewall are correlated to identify and respond to suspicious behavior.
- B. Active network connections are tracked so that invalid "response" traffic can be identified.
- C. A current baseline of application configurations is maintained and any mis-configuration is responded to promptly.
- D. Administrative access to respond to requests to change the firewall Is limited to one individual at a time.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Stateful Inspection
* PCI DSS Requirement 1.2 specifies the need for stateful inspection to track the state of active connections. This ensures that only valid responses to communication initiated by trusted networks are allowed.
* Invalid or unsolicited response traffic is blocked to prevent exploitation of vulnerabilities.
Key Functionality of Stateful Firewalls
* Stateful firewalls maintain session information and only allow traffic that matches an existing session or expected response.
Incorrect Options
* Option A: Administrative access restrictions are important but unrelated to stateful responses.
* Option C: Baseline configurations are a different security control.
* Option D: Logging and correlation are for threat detection, not stateful response.
NEW QUESTION # 22
Which statement about the Attestation of Compliance (AOC) is correct?
- A. The same AOC template is used W ROCs and SAQs.
- B. There are different AOC templates for service providers and merchants.
- C. The AOC must be signed by either the merchant/service provider or the QSA/ISA.
- D. The AOC must be signed by both the merchant/service provider and by PCI SSC.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Attestation of Compliance (AOC):
* The AOC is a document that confirms an entity's compliance with PCI DSS requirements. It is signed by the entity (merchant or service provider) and the Qualified Security Assessor (QSA) if a QSA is involved.
Different AOC Templates:
* PCI DSS provides distinct templates for service providers and merchants, tailored to their respective roles and responsibilities within the cardholder data environment (CDE).
Invalid Options:
* B:PCI SSC does not sign AOCs; they are signed by the merchant/service provider and the QSA.
* C:AOCs differ between ROCs and SAQs, so the same template is not universally used.
* D:Both the merchant/service provider and the QSA/ISA (Internal Security Assessor) must sign the AOC when applicable.
NEW QUESTION # 23
At which step in the payment transaction process does the merchant's bank pay the merchant for the purchase, and the cardholder's bank bill the cardholder?
- A. Chargeback
- B. Settlement
- C. Authorization
- D. Clearing
Answer: B
Explanation:
Thesettlement phaseis when:
* Themerchant's acquiring bank pays the merchant, and
* Theissuing bank bills the cardholder.
This occursafter authorization and clearinghave already taken place.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Authorization verifies the card and funds but doesn't trigger payment.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Clearing exchanges transaction details between banks but doesn't finalise funds.
* Option C:#Correct. Settlement is whenfunds are actually transferred.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Chargebacks reverse transactions, not settle them.
Reference:PCI SSC Glossary - Definitions of "Authorization", "Clearing", and "Settlement".
NEW QUESTION # 24
Which of the following file types must be monitored by a change-detection mechanism (e.g., a file-integrity monitoring tool)?
- A. Application vendor manuals
- B. Files that regularly change
- C. System configuration and parameter files
- D. Security policy and procedure documents
Answer: C
Explanation:
PCI DSSRequirement 11.5.2mandates the use of file-integrity monitoring (FIM) or change-detection tools to monitorcritical filessuch as system binaries, configuration files, and system parameters.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Manuals are not critical system files.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Regularly changing files (e.g., logs or temp files) are typically excluded.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Policies and procedures are reviewed but not subject to FIM.
* Option D:#Correct. System config and parameter files must bemonitored for unauthorised changes.
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which of the following is an example of multi-factor authentication?
- A. A token that must be presented twice during the login process.
- B. A user password and a PIN-activated smart card.
- C. A user passphrase and an application-level password.
- D. A user fingerprint and a user thumbprint.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Requirement 8.4.2defines multi-factor authentication (MFA) asauthentication that requires at least two of the following:
* Something you know (password/PIN)
* Something you have (smart card/token)
* Something you are (biometric)
* Option A:#Incorrect. Presenting the same token twice is stillsingle-factor.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Two passwords arestill one factor- "something you know".
* Option C:#Correct. Password (something you know) + smart card (something you have) =MFA.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Fingerprint and thumbprint are bothbiometrics, so one factor.
NEW QUESTION # 26
Which systems must have anti-malware solutions?
- A. All CDE systems, connected systems, NSCs, and security-providing systems.
- B. All portable electronic storage.
- C. All systems that store PAN.
- D. Any in-scope system except for those identified as 'not at risk' from malware.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Requirement 5.2.1.1clarifies thatanti-malware solutions are requiredonall in-scope systems,unlessthe system is evaluated asnot at risk for malware(e.g., Linux-based appliances with no Internet access). These risk evaluations must be documented and justified (5.2.3.1).
* Option A:#Incorrect. PCI DSS allows exceptions for systems not at risk.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Anti-malware applies to systems, not portable media per se.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Anti-malware scope is broader than just PAN-storing systems.
* Option D:#Correct. Systems not at risk can be excluded if justified and documented.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Where can live PANs be used for testing?
- A. Pre-production (test) environments only if located outside the CDE.
- B. Pre-production environments that are located within the CDE.
- C. Testing with live PANs must only be performed in the QSA Company environment.
- D. Production (live) environments only.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Requirement 6.4.3.1clarifies that if live PANs are to be used in testing, the test environment mustmeet all applicable PCI DSS controls. Thus,testing with live PAN is only allowed if the test environment is within the CDEand fully secured.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Testing should not happen in production.
* Option B:#Incorrect. It must be within the CDE if live PAN is involved.
* Option C:#Correct. Live PANs can be used inpre-production environments within the CDE.
* Option D:#Incorrect. There's no requirement to test only within QSA environments.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 6.4.3.1 and its Applicability Note.
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which statement is true regarding the use of intrusion detection techniques, such as intrusion detection systems and/or intrusion protection systems (IDS/IPS)?
- A. Intrusion detection techniques are required to isolate systems in the cardholder data environment from all other systems.
- B. Intrusion detection techniques are required to alert personnel of suspected compromises.
- C. Intrusion detection techniques are required on all system components.
- D. Intrusion detection techniques are required to identify all instances of cardholder data.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Requirement 11.5.1mandates that organisations deployintrusion-detection or prevention toolstomonitor traffic and generate alertsfor suspicious activity. The goal is tonotify personnel quicklyof a possible breach.
* Option A:#Incorrect. IDS/IPS isnot requiredon every component - only where it adds value.
* Option B:#Correct. IDS/IPS must be configured toalert on potential compromises.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Segmentation is a separate concern under Requirement 1.
* Option D:#Incorrect. IDS is not for discovering cardholder data.
NEW QUESTION # 29
Assigning a unique ID to each person is intended to ensure?
- A. Access is assigned to group accounts based on need-to-know.
- B. Strong passwords are used for each user account.
- C. Shared accounts are only used by administrators.
- D. Individual users are accountable for their own actions.
Answer: D
Explanation:
According toRequirement 8.2.1, PCI DSS mandates that all users be assigned aunique IDbefore accessing system components or cardholder data. This ensuresaccountability, enabling identification of actions taken by each user.
* Option A:#Incorrect. Password strength is addressed underRequirement 8.3, not unique ID.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Shared accounts areprohibitedregardless of admin status.
* Option C:#Correct. Unique IDs ensure thateach user's actions can be traced.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Group accounts are discouraged in favour of individual accountability.
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which of the following is a requirement for multi-tenant service providers?
- A. Provide customers with access to the hosting provider's system configuration files.
- B. Ensure that customers cannot access another entity's cardholder data environment.
- C. Ensure that a customer's log files are available to all hosted entities.
- D. Provide customers with a shared user ID for access to critical system binaries.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Formulti-tenant service providers,isolation and segmentationare critical. As perRequirement 12.10.3, each customer's environment must besegregated and protectedsuch that no tenant can access another's data or systems.
* Option A:#Correct. This is the foundational control -isolation of customer environments.
* Option B:#Incorrect. Exposing system config files is a security risk.
* Option C:#Incorrect. Shared user IDs areexplicitly prohibitedby Requirement 8.2.1.
* Option D:#Incorrect. Customers should only access their own logs.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 12.10.3; Scoping Guidance for Service Providers.
NEW QUESTION # 31
Where an entity under assessment is using the customized approach, which of the following steps is the responsibility of the assessor?
- A. Monitor the control.
- B. Derive testing procedures and document them in Appendix E of the ROC.
- C. Perform the targeted risk analysis as per PCI DSS requirement 12.3.2.
- D. Document and maintain evidence about each customized control as defined in Appendix E of PCI DSS.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Customized Approach Overview
* Appendix E of PCI DSS v4.0 outlines the customized approach, which allows entities to demonstrate their control effectiveness using methods that differ from the defined approach.
Assessor Responsibilities
* QSAs must document and maintain detailed evidence for each customized control implemented by the entity.
* Evidence must support how the customized control meets the security objectives of the original requirement.
Testing and Validation
* The QSA must perform validation to confirm the customized control's adequacy and effectiveness and ensure it sufficiently addresses the requirement's intent.
Documentation
* All findings, testing procedures, and conclusions must be recorded in the Report on Compliance (ROC) Appendix E, providing traceability and transparency.
NEW QUESTION # 32
Which scenario meets PCI DSS requirements for critical systems to have correct and consistent time?
- A. Each internal system is configured to be its own time server.
- B. Each internal system peers directly with an external source to ensure accuracy of time updates.
- C. Central time servers receive time signals from specific, approved external sources.
- D. Access to time configuration settings is available to all users of the system.
Answer: C
Explanation:
PerRequirement 10.6.1, PCI DSS mandates that time-synchronization technology be used, andsystems must be synchronized to a central time serverthat itself receives time from an approved external source. This ensures logs can be accurately correlated.
* Option A:Incorrect. Time inconsistency arises if each system operates independently.
* Option B:Incorrect. Time configuration must berestricted to authorised personnel only.
* Option C:Correct. Time should be sourced from a centralised server which is in sync with reliable external sources.
* Option D:Incorrect. Each system peering independently can cause inconsistencies.
Reference:PCI DSS v4.0.1 - Requirement 10.6.1.1.
NEW QUESTION # 33
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